@!INST1..CREA1..FETC1..DATE1..TITL1..SAVE1..COMM1..PON 1..POFF1..@!EDIT2..PRIN3..SORT3..CORR3..TEXTE..SRAN3..PAIR3..DESC4..FREQG..@!ZSCOG..BARG5..XTABH..PULL6..APPE6..ANOV7..MANN7..TRAN8..BUIL8..@!REGR9..PLOTG..DBWRA..READB..WRITB..MEANC..MDIFC..CONTC..CHIFC..@!CHI D..FTESD..TTESD..POISD..BIN D..DIR E..RANDE..DBREF..ABSV1..@!ABSW1..ABSR1..SELE2..DATA1..STAT1..GRAP1..REPO1..MISC1..PROBD..@!MISS1..HELP1..help1..Help1.....................................@,COM 020ANOV031APPE033BARG035BRGE039BUIL046CHIF050COMM052CREA057@,CORR063COND065DBRE070DBWR078DEPV084DATA085DIR 102DESC106EDIT112@,EQUA115FETC116FNAM119FREQ125GRAP130HELP133INST137INDV138MANN140@,MEAN143MCMD147MDIF154MISC156MISS163MVC 179MV  189NUMV195PAIR207@,PLOT208PRIN216PROB221PULL223QUIT226RAND228READ235REGR250REPO258@,RFMT268RGES285SAVE293SELE295SORT305SRAN307STAT310TEXT326TRAN330@,VLST332VSEL335WRIT342XFIL344XTAB345ZSCO353    000    000    000@."01"355"02"356"03"357"04"359"05"360"06"361"07"362"08"363"09"364@."10"365"11"366"12"369"13"370"14"371"15"372"16"373"17"374"18"375@."19"376"20"377"21"378"22"379"23"380"24"381"25"382"26"383"27"384@."28"385"29"386"30"387"31"388"32"389"33"390"34"391"35"392"36"393@."37"394"38"395"39"396"40"397"41"398"42"399"91"401"92"402"93"403@."94"404"95"405"96"406    000    000    000    000    000    000@*COM                                                            @The following commands will display names of commands available ;in each of the following catagories.  All commands must be able entered in UPPER CASE.ng catagories.  All commands must be able  entered in UPPER CASE.ng catagories.  All commands must be able @     DATA   - Data manipulation                                 "     STAT   - Statistical analysis                              @     GRAPH  - Graphic functions                                 @     REPORT - Report writing                                    9     MISC   - Miscellaneous: QUIT, HELP, COMM, MISS, etc.       @                                                                @*ANOVANOV1 does 1-way analysis of variance for 2 or more        =variables.  ANOV2 does 2-way analysis (without replications).   @*APPEAPPEnd loads data from another data set onto the end of    @the current data set by variable name.                          @*BARGCreates histograms for the specified variables.  Standard  @variable selection may be followed by a blank and the range     >of values to be included within the graph.  Options are avail-  $able for automatic or custom ranges.graph.  Options are avail-  @*BRGEThe following responses are valid:                         @     AUTO      Select ranges automatically                      @     AUTO/n    Break data into n even ranges                    @     values    Enter the upper bounds of each desired range     @               followed by <CR>.                                @               Up to 50 ranges may be specified.  Follow        @               the last range with an extra <CR>.               @*BUILBUILd allows modifying or creating a variable using an     <algebraic expression involving data from another data set.      >Use this to add (or replace) a single independent variable to   the current data set.eplace) a single independent variable to   <*CHIFCHIFIT shows the Chi Square for two variables, one con-o   =taining observed frequencies, the other expected frequencies.   @*COMM"COMM filename" assigns keyboard entry to a .KMD file.     :The file (created with your text editor) must contain the .     >typeä responseó tï alì ABSTAÔ promptó aó they would have been   >entered thru the keyboard.  Any errors encountered will cause   'the system to revert to keyboard entry.encountered will cause   ?*CREACREATe defines a new data set which can then be updated    @from the terminal with EDIT or loaded with data from an         @existing file with transforms.  Note: you must reserve space    @for enough variables to accommodate any transforms you may      ;wish to do.  The fewer variables you define, the more cases     
you can have.The fewer variables you define, the more cases     @*CORRPrints correlation coefficients (r) matrix for             all or selected variable pairs.ients (r) matrix for             @*CONDEach condition is an algebraic expression where the        @left side is a variable or constant, equality test is =, <>,    @<, >, <=, >=,  and the right side is an expression of           @variables (in brackets) and constants.  Up to 5 conditions      @are allowed.  If no more conditions apply, enter <CR>.          @*DBREDBREAD reads selected numeric variables from a dBase II    @ .DBF file into the current data set.  Options allow random     ;record or record number selection.  It is normally used by      ?first CREATing a new current data set with 0,n variables (n is  =the maximum number of variables the data set can hold).  The s  >variables are then read in from the dBase file.  Don't add the  "variable names with EDIT.  Format:e dBase file.  Don't add the  =     DBREAD in-file                                          e  @*DBWRDBWRITE writes the current data set out in dBase II .DBF   >format.  Field definition can be specified, a "template" file   @can be used for field definitons for all matching variable      ;names, or a default definition will be determined from the      mean of each variable.  Format:will be determined from the      @        DBWRITE out-file template-file                          @*DEPVEnter a single variable name or number                     @*DATAData related commands are as follows:                      CREATE   Create a new data set as follows:                      :FETCH    Read in a data set from an existing data set file      "EDIT     Edit the current data setn existing data set file      6SAVE     Save current data set on a data set disk filefile      @TRAN     Transform current data set                             ?PULL     Add variables to current data set from a data set file 8BUILD    Transform a variable from another data set fileet file =APPEND   Append data to current data set from a data set filele #PRINT    Print the current data seta set from a data set filele 9RAND     Add a random number variable to current data setfilele @SORT     Sort current data set                                  =SELECT   Select a subset of cases (based on a code variable)    :READ     Read an ASCII data file into the current data sete)    0WRITE    Write current data set to an ASCII filet data sete)    7DBREAD   Read dBase .DBF file into the current data setsete)    8DBWRITE  Write dBase .DBF file from the current data setete)    @*DIR Similar to CP/M DIR command. e.g., "B:*.TXT" will show     ?all .TXT files on drive B.  Entering "*.CMD" will show all .CMD @files on the default drive.  This command is not available underMS-DOS or CP/M-86.lt drive.  This command is not available under@*DESCDESC provides basic descriptive statistics.  The three DESC@commands are:                                                   @       DESC  : Mean, Standard deviation, variance, standard     @                error of mean, coefficient of variation         @       DESC1 : DESC plus median, mode, minimum, maximum, range  @       DESC2 : DESC1 plus skewness, kurtosis                    :*EDITEDIT is the function which allows modification of the      :current data set using keyboard input.  A data set is made      "current by use of CREATE or FETCH.put.  A data set is made      @*EQUA[variable]=expression of variables and constants           <*FETCFETCH reads in an existing data set from disk and makes    ;that the current data set for use in subsequent commands.  s    9The whole data set is read, including any missing values.  s    @*FNAMFile names for data sets and command files are entered     @without extensions.  The following extensions are assumed:      $   .SDF  for data sets under CP/M-80xtensions are assumed:      /   .DDF  for data sets under CP/M-86 and MS-DOSre assumed:      @   .KMD  for COMMand files                                      @Disk drive may be supplied in standard format, e.g. B:name      @*FREQFREQ provides a frequency analysis report.  Standard       ?variable selection applies and the last variable selection      @can be followed by a blank and a range of values which are to be@listed.  If no range is specified, all values will be printed   @for the selected variables.  Report includes Z scores.          @*GRAPGraphics commands are as follows:                          BARG     prints histograms as follows:                          !PLOT     prints scatter plot     lows:                          <*HELPHelp in answering any prompt can be obtained by simply     9typing question mark and carriage return.  Also, helpful ly     ;information can be obtained on specific commands by follow-     :ing the question mark with a blank and the command name.  -     *INSTSee manual. mark with a blank and the command name.  -     @*INDVStandard variable selection applies.  Any number of        @variables can be specified excluding the dependent variable.    @*MANNMANN is Mann-Whitney U test on selected variables.         @Standard variable selection applies: U test is done on all      @pairs of selected variables.                                    @*MEANMEANT produces the "t" statistic for hyposthesis that      @sample mean equals population mean.  Input is a variable name   @or number, the population mean, and if desired, the population  @variance.                                                       @*MCMDThe following commands are available in EDIT:              @N Nn           New variables or change variable names           @C Cn CnVm      Enter variables for each case                    @V Vn VnCm      Enter cases for each variable                    @DELETE Vn Vm-n Delete variable n or range m-n                   @DELETE Cn Cm-n Delete case n or range m-n                       @!              Finished with EDIT                               @*MDIFMDIFF produces the "t" statistic for differences between   @means of two variables (either name or number).                 @*MISCMiscellaneous commands are:                                @  HELP  "?" may be typed in response to any prompt.             -  QUIT  Returns you to your operating system.rompt.             @  COMM  Assigns keyboard input to a command file.               9  DIR   Directory command similar to CP/M - available in                   CP/M-80 version onlyar to CP/M - available in        &  MISS  Missing value treatment types.P/M - available in        1*MISSThe MISSING value treatments are as follows:able in        :         C: Casewise - ignore all cases where any variable      $              has a missing value.  ses where any variable      ;         L: Listwise - ignore all cases where any selected      +              variable has a missing value.re any selected      =         P: Pairwise - ignore all cases where either variable   <              being looked at as a pair has a missing value.e   =         V: Varwise - ignore all cases where a variable being   3              looked at singly has a missing value.able being   8         I: Include - include all cases, even those withbeing                 missing values. all cases, even those withbeing                  missing values. all cases, even those withbeing   <Each command has its own default which can be overridden by g   >following the command with a blank and (x) where x is C, L, P,  ;V, or I.  The example, "DESC (L) *", will use the Listwise  P,  treatment type.xample, "DESC (L) *", will use the Listwise  P,  ?*MVC                                                            @<CR>     Leave value unchanged; display next                    @value    A new value will replace the value shown               @#n       Restart at var or case n                               @U        Restart from current var or case minus 1               @F        Skip forward                                           @B        Skip backward                                          @I        Insert case                                            @DC       Delete case ("V" command only)                         @!        Escape from this subcommand                            @*MV                                                             @<CR>     Leave name unchanged; display next                     @a name   A new name will replace the name shown                 @#n       Restart at variable n                                  @U        Restart from current var minus 1                       @!        No more name changes                                   @*NUMVEnter the number of variables desired.  The system will    @reserve space for the variables and tell you how many cases are @available.  It will then enter the EDIT function so you can     @name the variables if desired and then enter the data.          @                                                                @Extra space can be reserved for more variables which can be     =later added thru EDIT or transformations or read commands by    =entering "m,n" where "m" is the number of variables you wish    @to input thru EDIT and "n" is the total number of variables you 7wish to allow for.  If the variables will be added by ables you ;transformation or other read command instead of EDIT, "0,n" you should be specified.her read command instead of EDIT, "0,n" you =*PAIRPAIRT produces Student's "t" statistic for all variablesou @*PLOTPLOT will produce a scatter plot.  Both vertical and       =horizontal axes are specified (either variable name or          ?number).  The number of divisions is fixed based on the number  =of divisions which will fit on the screen or printer but the r  8limits are definable so you can force the same scale on  the r  :several plots.  To define the limits, follow the variable he r  :selection by a blank and the lower and upper limit values he r  separated by a comma.and the lower and upper limit values he r  @*PRINPRINT will print the variables selected, e.g., "*" will    @print all variables.  Standard variable selection applies       @with the addition of optionally following the last selection    @with a blank and "Cm-n" where only cases m thru n will be       @printed.                                                        @*PROBProbability commands are CHI, TTEST, FTEST, POIS, and BIN. @Each command prompts for all necessary input.                   <*PULLPULL adds one or several variables to the current data     :set from a data set file.  Conditional case selection can a     
be specified.ta set file.  Conditional case selection can a     ;*QUITQUIT returns you to the operating system.  The current     .data set will be lost if you did not SAVE it!   The current     @*RANDRAND is the random number generator.  A new or existing    @variable can be loaded with either uniformly or normally        =distributed random numbers in a desired range of values.  The   9random variable will have the same number of cases as are The    already in the current data set.me number of cases as are The   =format: RAND <seed>      Optional seed is a large odd integer   3                          in range 28001 thru 32767dd integer   @*READREAD allows loading the current data set with data from an =externally produced ASCII file.  It is normally used by firstan <CREATing a new current data set with 0,n variables (n is thetan 9maximum number of variables the data set can hold).  The thetan >variables are then read in from the ASCII file.  Don't add then variable names with EDIT.n from the ASCII file.  Don't add then  variable names with EDIT.n from the ASCII file.  Don't add then ?The ASCII file consists of records which correspond to cases.   =That is, the first record will have the first value for each    =variable.  The file can be delimited with commas, spaces, or    >carriage return/linefeed pairs.  Non-numeric fields may be in   :the data surrounded with single or double quotes but they  in   <cannot be used as ABSTAT data.  The records must be defined n   ;with a record format which you will be prompted for.  Type  n   +"? RFMT" to see how the fields are defined.pted for.  Type  n   ;*REGRREGRression allows one dependent variable and up to 19 n   @independent variables.  In addition to a report, the result of  =the regression provides for an additional command: ESTImate, f  ;which will accept values for the independent variables and , f  8estimate the value of the dependent variable; residuals nd , f  >(creation of a variable which contains the difference between   ?the dependent var minus its estimated value) and Durbin-Watson  are available as an option. estimated value) and Durbin-Watson  @*REPOReport related commands are as follows:                    @PON      Assigns report output to printer (132 columns)         @PON 80   Assigns report output to printer (80 columns)          6          both commands can be followed by a file name          @POFF     Assigns all output to terminal (80 columns)            @DATE     Set date to print on report headings (12 characters,   @           any format)                                          @TITLE    Set title to print on report headings (64 characters,  @           any format)                                          @TEXT     Include documentary text from a file                   :*RFMTRecord format is defined in one of two ways.  Specify      9AUTO if the file is identical in format to an ASCII file y      :created with the WRITE command with the option to include       >variable names.  With that format, the number of variables and  =cases and the variable names are defined on the ASCII file.  d  >Otherwise the file is assumed to contain only the data and you  >must enter the names of each variable to be read separated by   ;commas; indicate fields which are to be ignored by a comma by   *with no name.                             nored by a comma by   >                                                                @Example:   BOYS,GIRLS,,AGE,,,                                    Example:   BOYS,GIRLS,,AGE,,,                                   =This specifies a file of records consisting of 6 fields each.   :The command is to read only the first, second, and fourth ch.   >fields from each record and assign them as the variables BOYS,  =GIRLS, and AGE.  Those variables will be created by the READ ,  =command; they must not already exist in the current data set.,  @*RGESThe following responses are valid:                         @      AUTO    Select ranges automatically                       @      AUTO/n  Break into n even ranges                          6      m       Enter upper bounds of each desired                @              range followed by <CR>.  Enter ranges in          @              ascending order.  Up to 50 ranges may be          @              specified.  Follow the last range with an         @              extra <CR>.                                       ;*SAVE"SAVE filename" will save the current data set on disk     +as a data set file with the specified name.data set on disk     <*SELEThe SELECT command provides ability to select cases for    >subsequent commands based upon the value in a "code" variable.  The format of the command is:n the value in a "code" variable.   The format of the command is:n the value in a "code" variable.  <    SELECT <var name or #> <low value> <optional high value>e.       SELECT <var name or #> <low value> <optional high value>e.  ;For example, if a data set contains the variable AGE, it is>e.  =possible to do statistics on those cases where AGE is in the .  1range 30 through 35 by saying:   SELECT AGE 30 35E is in the .  To deselect, do    SELECT 0ng:   SELECT AGE 30 35E is in the .  @*SORTA data set can be sorted by any number of variables.       @Standard variable selection applies.                            :*SRANSRANK is the Spearman rank correlation matrix.  This       :command also ranks the data set which should therefore be       <SAVEd before executing this command.                            @*STATStatistics functions involving data arrays:                @ANOV1    One way analysis of variance                           7ANOV2    Two way analysis of variance (no replications)         @CHIFIT   Chi Square goodness of fit                             @CORR     Correlation coefficients (r) matrix                    /DESC     Means, standard deviation, modes, etc.                 @FREQ     Lists values, frequencies, %, and Z scores             @MANN     Mann-Whitney U test                                    @MDIFF    Variable pair mean test                                @MEANT    Population mean test                                   @PAIRT    t Test for paired observations                         @PROB     CHI, TTEST, FTEST, POIS, BIN probability commands      @REGR     Simple and multiple linear regressions                 *SRANK    Spearman rank correlation matrix sions                 @XTAB     Cross tabulation                                       @ZSCOR    Lists values, frequencies, %, and Z scores             @*TEXTText can be added to the printed report with the command   @"TEXT filename" where filename is the name of a file you have   @created with your text editor.  A report will be printed        @using input from the named file.                                @*TRANTRANs allows numerical transformations of the data set     @using algebraic expressions.                                    @*VLSTYou may enter variable numbers or names separated          @by commas, or a range of variable numbers or names              @separated by "-".                                               @*VSELVariables may be selected by typing their names or ordinal @numbers separated by commas.  A range of variables may be       @selected by using the "-" separator.  All variables may be      @selected by typing "*".                                         @                                                                @Example: 6-10,BOYS,15 will select variables 6 thru 10, variable @BOYS, and variable 15.                                          >*WRITWRITE produces an image of the current data set in ASCII   8format which can be read by other programming languages.ASCII   9*XFILEnter name of an ASCII file complete with extension.SCII   >*XTABXTAB does cross tabulation with one vertical and horizon-  =tal variable.  Command can be followed by a blank and either -  ;or both options, R or C, to include percents by row and/or r -  ?column.  At prompts, both hor and vert variable name or number  *can be followed by a blank and an option: iable name or number  7     DISC    provides discrete positions for each value number  @     AUTO    auto selects value ranges to fit on screen/page          AUTO/n  provides "n" rangesranges to fit on screen/page    @*ZSCOZ scores are printed with the frequency report and         @have the same options available. (type "? FREQ")                @*  01COMMON MEMORY GONE - SEE ERROR CODES IN MANUAL             @*  02INVALID COMMAND                                            <*  03NO DATA PRESENT.  A DATA SET MUST BE FETCHED OR CREATED    BEFORE USING THIS COMMAND. TA SET MUST BE FETCHED OR CREATED    @*  04FILE NOT FOUND                                             @*  05UNABLE TO WRITE TO FILE.  CHECK FOR WRITE PROTECTED DISK.  @*  06PROGRAM UNFOUND.  NOT ON DISK OR INSTALLED ON WRONG DRIVE. @*  07OUT OF BOUNDS                                              @*  08INVALID FORMAT                                             @*  09UNFOUND VARIABLE NAME                                      @*  10MISSING VARIABLE NUMBER                                    >*  11DATA SET HAS MISSING VALUES.  YOU MUST ELIMINATE MISSING   7DATA USING EDIT OR TRANSFORM COMMANDS BEFORE DOING ANY ISSING   STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS.   ORM COMMANDS BEFORE DOING ANY ISSING   @*  12PREMATURE END OF FILE                                      @*  13WRITE ERROR - DISK PROBABLY FULL.                          @*  14COMMAND FILE UNFOUND.                                      @*  15NO ROOM FOR ADDED VARIABLE.                                @*  16INVALID EQUALITY SYMBOL.                                   @*  17(THRU 23) EXPR STACK ERROR.                                @*  18STACK ERROR                                                @*  19STACK ERROR                                                @*  20STACK ERROR                                                @*  21STACK ERROR                                                @*  22STACK ERROR                                                @*  23STACK ERROR                                                @*  24MISSING                                                    @*  25VARIABLE NUMBER OUT OF BOUNDS.                             @*  26MISSING                                                    @*  27MISSING VARIABLE.                                          @*  28MISSING FUNCTION.                                          @*  29MISSING CONSTANT.                                          @*  30UNBALANCED PARENTHESES.                                    @*  31NO MATCHING VARIABLE NAMES                                 @*  32UNMATCHED VARIABLES                                        @*  33COMMAND CANCELLED BY OPERATOR REQUEST                      @*  34DEPENDENT VARIABLE CANNOT BE AMONG INDEPENDENTS            @*  35NON-EXISTENT MATRIX INVERSE                                @*  36DATA SET IS FULL (WARNING ONLY)                            @*  37THERE MUST BE AT LEAST 2 TREATMENTS                        @*  38VARIABLE NAME ALREADY EXISTS                               @*  39INSUFFICIENT MEMORY TO HOLD ENTIRE DATA SET                **  40TOO MANY VARIABLES HAVE BEEN SELECTEDTA SET                )*  41INVALID MISSING VALUE TREATMENT TYPEDTA SET                =*  42THIS COMMAND REQUIRES ROOM IN THE DATA SET FOR AN EXTRA    &VARIABLE.  SEE "CREATE" IN THE MANUAL. DATA SET FOR AN EXTRA    @*  91DIVIDE BY ZERO                                             @*  92HEAP OVERFLOW                                              @*  93STRING OVERFLOW                                            @*  94RANGE ERROR                                                @*  95UNDERFLOW                                                  @*  96OVERFLOW                                                   @*  99UNFOUND COMMAND                                            *END9UNFOUND COMMAND                                              99UNFOUND COMMAND