ADVANCED INTRODUCTION TO PERFECT WRITER:

	You are looking at the Perfect Writer tutorial.  While
you can read this in hardcopy form, it is more helpful to sit
down at your computer and use Perfect Writer to read it.  Just
type the command "pw advintro.mss".
	Perfect Writer commands are generally given by holding
the CONTROL key (sometimes labelled CTRL or CTL) or hitting the
ESCAPE key (sometimes labelled ESC or ALT).  Rather than write
out ESCAPE or CONTROL each time we want you to give a command,
we'll use the following abbreviations:

 C-<char>      means hold the CONTROL key down and type a character.
 M-<char>      means type the ESCAPE key, release it, then type the
               character. (The "M" stands for "Meta-command"; ESC is a
               substitute for the imaginary "meta-shift" key.)
Thus, C-F would be hold the control key and type F.  You will often be
asked to type characters to see how they work; don't actually do this,
however, until you see >> at the left of the screen. For instance:

>> Now type C-V (View next screen) to move to the next screen. (go
   ahead, do it by depressing the control key and V together). From
   now on, you'll be expected to do this whenever you finish reading
   the screen.

Note that there is an overlap when going from screen to screen; this
   provides some continuity when moving through the file.

The first thing that you need to know is how to move around from place
   to place in the file.  You already know how to move forward a
   screen, with C-V.  To move backwards a screen, type C-Z.

>> Try typing C-Z and then C-V to move back and forth a few times.

SUMMARY
-------
The following commands are useful for viewing screenfuls:

        C-V     Move forward one screenful
        C-Z     Move backward one screenful
        C-L     'Refresh' the current screen.

>> Try C-L now.  (You'll notice that it centers the screen where the
   cursor currently is.)

BASIC CURSOR CONTROL
--------------------

Getting from screenful to screenful is useful, but how do you
reposition yourself within a given screen to a specific place?
There are several ways you can do this.  One way (not the best,
but the most basic) is to use the commands Previous, Backward,
Forward and Next. As you can imagine, these commands (which are
given to Perfect Writer as C-P, C-B, C-F, and C-N  respectively)
move the cursor from where it currently is to a new place in the
given direction.  Here in a more graphical form are the commands:

                       Previous line, C-P
                                :
                                :
  Backward, C-B .... Current cursor position .... Forward, C-F
                                :
                                :
                         Next line, C-N

You'll probably find it easy to think of these by letter.  P for
previous, N for next, B for backward and F for forward.  These are the
basic cursor positioning commands and you'll be using them ALL the
time so it would be of great benefit if you learn them now.

>> Try doing a few C-N's to bring the cursor down to this line. Move
   into the line with C-F's and up with C-P's. Now use these four
   commands to play around a little. Try moving off the top of this
   screen and see what happens.

When you go off the top or bottom of the screen, the text beyond the
edge is shifted onto the screen so that your instructions can be
carried out while keeping the cursor on the screen.

>> Try to C-B at the beginning of a line.  Do a few more C-B's. Then
   do C-F's back to the end of the line and beyond.

If moving by characters is too slow, you can move by words.  M-F
(remember, type <ESC> F) moves forward a word and M-B moves back a
word.

>> Type a few M-F's and M-B's.  Intersperse them with C-F's and C-B's.

You will notice the parallel between C-F and C-B on the one hand, and
M-F and M-B on the other hand.  Very often Meta characters are used
for operations related to English text whereas Control characters
operate on the basic textual units that are independent of what you
are editing (characters, lines, etc). There is a similar parallel
between lines and sentences: C-A and C-E move to the beginning or end
of a line, and M-A and M-E move to the beginning or end of a sentence.

>> Try a couple of C-A's, and then a couple of C-E's.
   Try a couple of M-A's, and then a couple of M-E's.

See how repeated C-A's do nothing, but repeated M-A's keep moving
farther.  Do you think that this is right?

Here is a summary of simple moving operations including the word and
sentence moving commands:

        C-F     Move forward a character
        C-B     Move backward a character

        M-F     Move forward a word
        M-B     Move backward a word

        C-N     Move to next line
        C-P     Move to previous line

        C-A     Move to beginning of line
        C-E     Move to end of line

        M-A     Move back to beginning of sentence
        M-E     Move forward to end of sentence

        M-<     Go to beginning of file
        M->     Go to end of file

>> Try all of these commands now a few times for practice. Since the
   last two will take you away from this screen, you can come back
   here with C-Z's and C-V's.

These are the most often used commands.  Like all other commands
in Perfect Writer, they can be given arguments which cause them
to be executed repeatedly.  The way you give a command a repeat
count is by typing C-U and then the digits before you type the
command. (C-U stands for "Universal argument".) The digits are
echoed at the bottom of the screen slowly, just after you type
them. Notice that just after you type C-U, the message "Arg: 4"
appears there.  If no numbers are typed after the C-U, it
executes the following command 4 times. For now, though, just
type in numbers.

For instance, C-U 8 C-F moves forward eight characters.

>> Try giving a suitable argument to C-N or C-P to come as close
   as you can to this line in one jump.


INSERTING AND DELETING
----------------------

If you want to type text, just do it.  Characters which you can
see, such as A, 7, *, etc. are taken by Perfect Writer as text
and inserted immediately.  You can delete the last character you
typed by doing <DEL> (sometimes labelled "DELETE" or "DEL" or
even "RUBOUT"). More generally, <DEL> will delete the character
immediately before the current cursor position.

>> Do this now, type a few characters and then delete them by typing
   <DEL> a few times.  Don't worry about this file being changed; you
   won't affect the master tutorial, because this is just a copy of it
   in your Perfect Writer editing buffer.

Notice that a "*" appeared in the line at the bottom of the screen.
This means that the text on your screen is different that the text you
read in, and hasn't been written out to a file.

Remember that most Perfect Writer commands can be given a repeat
count; Note that this includes characters which insert
themselves.

>>  Try that now -- type C-U 8 * and see what happens.

You've now learned the most basic way of typing something in
Perfect Writer and correcting errors.  You can delete by words or
lines just as you can move by words or lines.  Here are some of
the delete operations:

        <DEL>        delete the character just before the cursor
        C-D          delete the character that the cursor is
                     positioned on

        M-<DEL>      delete the word before the cursor
        M-D          delete the word after the cursor

        C-K          delete (kill) from the cursor position to
                     the end of line
        M-K          delete (kill) to the end of the current
                     sentence

Notice that <DEL> and C-D vs M-<DEL> and M-D extend the parallel
started by C-F and M-F.  C-K and C-E are similar to M-K and M-E.

Now suppose you delete something, and then you decide that you
want to get it back?  Well, whenever you delete something bigger
than a character, Perfect Writer saves it for you.  To yank it
back, use C-Y.  Note that you don't have to be in the same place
to do C-Y; this is a good way to move text around.  Generally,
the commands that can destroy a lot of text will save it, while
the ones that attack only one character, or nothing but blank
lines and spaces, will not save them.

For instance, type C-N a couple times to position the cursor at some
line on this screen.

>> Do this now, move the cursor and kill that line with C-K.

Note that a single C-K will kill the contents of the line, and a
second C-K will delete the line itself, and make all the other lines
move up.  The text that has just disappeared is saved so that you can
retrieve it.  To retrieve the last killed text and put it where the
cursor currently is, type C-Y.

>> Try it; type C-Y to yank the text back.

Think of C-Y as if you were yanking something back that someone took
away from you.  Notice that if you do several C-K's in a row the text
that is killed is all saved together so that one C-Y will yank all of
the lines.  A way to tell if this is going to happen or not is the "+"
which will appear on the line at the bottom of the screen.  If it is
present, whatever text is killed will be appended to whatever is
already there.

>> Do this now, type C-K several times.

Now to retrieve that killed text:

>> Type C-Y.  Then move the cursor down a few lines and type C-Y
   again.  You now see how to copy some text.


FILES
-----

In order to make the text you edit permanent, you must put it in
a file.  You put your editing in a file by writing or saving the
file. If you look near the botton of the screen you will see a
line that starts with "Perfect Writer Version 1.02 (fill)
advintro:" and continues with the filename ADVINTRO.MSS.  This is
the name of the permanent file in which the Perfect Writer
tutorial is stored.  This is the file you are now editing. 
Whatever file you edit, its name will appear in the same spot.

The commands for reading and saving files are unlike the other
commands you have learned in that they consist of two control
characters.  They both start with the character Control-X.  There
is a whole series of commands that start with Control-X; many of
them have to do with files, buffers, and related things, and all
of them consist of Control-X followed by some other character.

      C-X C-W     writes out the editing buffer
      C-X C-R     reads a file into the editing buffer

In addition, each of these commands asks for a filename to use. Enter
the name, and finish it by typing a carriage-return (<CR>).

>> Go ahead and try that now; type C-X C-W, and when Perfect
  Writer asks for a filename, type ERASE.ME, then type a <CR>.
  Note that the mode line has now changed to reflect the new file
  name. (Don't forget to ERAse the file after you're done
  sometime.)

If you forget to write out your work and try to read another
file, Perfect Writer will remind you that you made changes and
ask you whether to abandon them.  (If you don't save them, they
will be thrown away. That might be what you want!)  You should
answer with a "N" to keep your edited text or a "Y" to abandon it
and read in the new file anyway.

To make a new file, just C-X C-R it "as if" it already existed.
Perfect Writer will echo "New File" at the bottom of the screen.
Then start typing in the text.  When you ask to write the file,
Perfect Writer will really create the file with the text that you
have inserted. From then on, you can consider yourself to be
editing an already existing file.

Another command is available to prevent retyping filenames all the
time.

      C-X C-S    saves the file

This command just rewrites the editing buffer to whatever file name is
in the mode line at the bottom of the screen.  It may save some
typing.

It is not easy for you to try out making a file and continue with
the tutorial.  But you can always come back into the tutorial by
starting it over and skipping forward.  So, when you feel ready,
be sure that it worked.

One more immediately useful command is C-X C-C, which tells
Perfect Writer you'd like to stop editing.  (Think of it as an
augmented C-C, which usually works in the operating system to get
you out of programs.) This does NOT save your file.  It will ask
if you really want to quit if you have not written out the
editing buffer, however.

MODE LINE
---------

If Perfect Writer sees that you have typed an <ESC> or C-U or C-Q
or a C-X and have not typed the following character in the
command sequence, it will show you the prefix you have typed in
an area at the bottom of the screen.  This line is called the
"echo line"; it echoes numbers typed after a C-U, characters to
be included in search strings, and some progress information when
file I/O is going on. This is just the last line at the bottom.
The line immediately above this is called the MODE LINE.  You may
notice that it begins

    Perfect Writer Version 1.02 (fill) buffer: DRIVE:FILENAME -nn%- *

This is a very useful "information" line.  You already know what the
filename means -- it is the file you have read.  What the -nn%- means
is that nn percent of the file is above the cursor. The "*" means that
the editing buffer has been changed since the file was last written.
You also know what the "+" means in relation to the C-K command.


SEARCHING
---------

Perfect Writer can do searches for strings (these are groups of
contiguous characters or words) either forward through the file
or backward through it. To search for the string means that you
are trying to locate it somewhere in the file and have Perfect
Writer show you where the occurrences of the string exist.  The
command to start a search is C-S.  Down in the echo area, you
will notice "Search Forward For <ESC>:" appear.  Type in the string
you want to search for (which will appear in the echo area also).
When you finish, type the ESCAPE key and Perfect Writer will try
to find the next occurrence of the string in your text.

If no such occurrence exists Perfect Writer tells you that the
string was not found.  In addition, if you decide you really
don't want to search after all, type C-G and Perfect Writer will
erase the search string and cancel the C-S command.  (More
generally, C-G cancels any command; for example, if you
mistakenly type <ESC> or C-U when you didn't mean to, type C-G to
flush the prefixes.)  If you are in the middle of a search and
type the DELETE key, you'll notice that the last character in the
search string is erased.

>> Now type C-S to start a search.  Type the word "search" followed by
   an <ESC>.  Notice where the cursor is positioned to.  Now type C-S
   again, immediately followed by <ESC>.  Perfect Writer will search
   for whatever it searched for last time if no new string is given.

The C-S starts a search that looks for any occurrence of the search
string AFTER the current cursor position.  But what if you want to
search for something earlier in the text?  To do this you should type
C-R for Reverse search.  Everything that applies to C-S applies to C-R
except that the direction of the search is reversed.


GETTING MORE HELP
-----------------

In this tutorial we have tried to supply just enough information
to get you started using Perfect Writer.  There is so much
available in Perfect Writer that it would be impossible to
explain it all here. However, you may want to learn more about
Perfect Writer since it has numerous desirable features that you
don't know about yet.  The Perfect Writer User's Guide completely
describes the commands presented in this tutorial, as well as the
more sophisticated commands, modes, and editing features.

There are several lessons in the introductory tutorial that you
might find of use.  Lesson 7 of the tutorial discusses the TWO
WINDOW feature and some of its uses.  This may be quite helpful.

CONCLUSION
----------

You'll probably find that if you use Perfect Writer for a few
days you won't be able to give it up.  Initially it may take some
getting used to.  But remember that this is the case with any
editor, especially one that can do many things.
.