I ” µ Í ä ü /Dh“¶Ñé %FhžÈã .Whv­Áé"1SnŠÀæ)H‡šŸ¤©®³¸ª¶ ¿ ”Æ”wß!ë$Ÿ(`,í/˜217‰9sADVANCEDplotting‰<>DISCUSSIONŽ<>MENUcreation <>AXESattributes‹<>DATAfilesandlists„<>NAMESforaxes <>BARcharts<>DRAW”<>PIEcharts <>CHARACTERcolor&size„<>EDITORcommands‰<>PLOTS,lineandsymbol <>COLOR•<>GENERALcommandsˆ<>SHADINGtypes <>COMMANDfiles<>LABELS’<>TEXTannotation <>CURSORmovement‹<>LEGENDS‘<>TITLES Wordsinupper-caselettersareKEYWORDS. TypeHELPfollowedbyaKEYWORD. MCOMMAND—DESCRIPTION -------—----------- FULLšUsesfullplottingsurface. SQUARE˜Useslargestsquareportionofplottingsurface. REGION˜Interactivelypicksregionofplottingsurface žforuse.Givesjoystickmodceforspecification žoflowerleftandupperrightcorners. REGIONPERMANENTŽActslikeREGIONabove.‚Ineditmode,replaces žitselfwithWVIEW;innon-editdisplayscorners žofregionatCRTscreen. RESERVETOP#‘Top#%ofplottingsurfacenottobeused. RESERVEBOTTOM#ŽBottom#%ofplottingsurfacenottobeused. RESERVELEFT#Left#%sideofplottingsurfacenottobeused. RESERVERIGHT#Right#%sideofplottingsurfacenottobeused. Formoresophisticatedcontrolofplottingsurface,seetheReferenceManual, PARTXIII. KThecommands,‚PLOT,‚BAR‚and‚BOX,eachproduceaxes.‚Thetypeand numberof‚axislines,as‚wellasmany‚otherattributes‚associated withaxescanbesetwiththecommandsbelow. Unlessyouspecifyotherwise,‚PLOT,‚BAR‚and‚BOXwilleachproduce fouraxis‚lines,‚oneeachatthetop,bottom,leftandrightofthe graph.‚Colorwillbeblack.‚Labelswillbenumeric. Notethatthereisa"Y"equivalentforevery"X"command. COMMANDDESCRIPTION ------------------ XRANGElh‹Giveslow(l)andhigh(h)valuesforx-axis. XINTERVAL#ŠGivesnumberofintervals(#)forx-axis. XNTHnSpecifieseverynthtickmarkonx-axislabeled. XAXISGRID‹Enablesfull-lengthgridmarksonx-axis. <>TypeNforNextpage‚OR‚toreturntoGrafTalk<> KCOMMANDDESCRIPTION ------------------ XNAMEname‰Associates"name"withx-axis NOXNAME‹Disablesnamingofxaxis XLABELSlblb...‚Labelsx-axiswithspecifiedlabels. XDAYSdaynˆLabelsx-axiswitheverynthday.‚Beginsatday; ”day=MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SATorSUN. XMONTHSmonn†Labelsx-axiswitheverynthmonth.Beginsatmon;mon= ”JAN,FEB,MAR,APR,MAY,JUN,JUL,AUG,SEP,OCT,NOV,DEC. XYEARSyearn†Labelsx-axiswitheverynthyear;beginsatyear. XNUMERIC‹Labelsx-axiswithautomaticallycalculatedvalues. NOXLABELŠDisableslabelingofx-axis. XAXISZERO‰Specifiesnox-axislinetobedrawn. XAXISONEŠSpecifiesonlyonex-axisline(bottom)tobedrawn. XAXISTWOŠSpecifiestwox-axislines(topandbottom)tobedrawn. XAXISPOSITION#ƒPositionsx-axisatspecifiedlocationalongy-axis. AXISCOLOR#ˆSetscolorofaxislinestospecifiedcolor. <>Type‚PforPreviouspage,‚toreturntoGrafTalk<> MCOMMANDŒDESCRIPTION -------Œ----------- BARrr...ˆDrawsbarchartfromgivencolumnsorrowsofdata. BARHORIZONTAL…Specifieshorizontalbars. BARVERTICAL‡Specifiesverticalbars. BARCLUSTERED†Specifiesclusteredbars. BARSTACKEDˆSpecifiesstackedbars. BARPERCENTAGE…Specifiespercentagebars. BARFLOATING‡Specifiesfloatingbars. BARWIDTH#ˆSpecifiesbarwidthintermsofspacingbetweenbargroups. BARBASE#‰Specifiesvalueofbaselinefromwhichbarsbegin. (NO)BARBASELINE‚Enables(disables)drawingoflineatbaseofbars. ƒUnlessyouspecifyotherwise: ˆBarswillbeclusteredandvertical,withbaselinedrawnat0.Shading ˆandcolorwillbesequenced.‚Names,titlesandlabelswillbeasyou ˆspecifywithappropriatecommands.‚UseHELPNAMES,HELPLABELS,etc. MCOMMAND˜DESCRIPTION -------˜----------- CHARACTERSIZENAME#ŠSetssizeofcharactersusedforaxisnames. Ÿsizeis#timessizeofReferenceCharacter. CHARACTERCOLORNAME#‰Setscolorofcharactersusedforaxisnames. NOCHARACTERCOLORNAMEˆDisablessetcolorforaxisnames.‚Willuse Ÿcolorthatisinusewhennamesarewritten. CHARACTERREFERENCE#ŠChangessizeofReferenceCharacter.‚Sizeis Ÿ#timessizeofInternalReferenceCharacter. CHARACTERSHAPEh+swhˆSetsshapeofcharacters.‚Allargumentsare Ÿratios: §h+s=height+space/width+space §wƒ=width/width+space §hƒ=height/height+space. ?CHARFORMv1v2v3v4ŠReturnssizeoflastcharacterwritten.‚v1, Ÿetcareoptionalvariablesforstorageof Ÿwidth+spa,height+spa,width&heightin Ÿnormalizeddevicecoordinates. "NAME"inabovecommandscanbereplacedwithTITLE,LEGEND,LABELorTEXT. SeealsoHELPADVANCEDandReferenceManual,PARTXIIIforcoordinatesystems. MCOMMAND”DESCRIPTION -------”----------- SEQUENCECOLOR##...…Specifiessequenceofcolorsforuseby: ŸPLOT-forcolorsoflinesandsymbols ŸCURVE-forcolorsoflinesandsymbols ŸBAR-forcolorsofsetsofbars ŸPIE-forcolorsofpiesections. ›Thecorrespondencebetween#andactualcolor ›dependsuponthedeviceinuse. COLOR#”Setssequencedcolorsto#.‚Disablescolorsequence. NOCOLOR“Disablescolorfeature.‚Setscolortocurrent#. AXISCOLOR#SetscolorofaxesdrawnbyPLOT,BARandBOX(and ›ofbarbaselinedrawnbyBAR)tocolor#. ‚SEQUENCECOLORwithnoargumentsreenablessequencingwithprevioussequence. ‚UseHELPCHARACTERSforinformationonsettingcolorsforcharacters. MCOMMANDDESCRIPTION ------------------ RUNd:filename‰Runsspecifiedcommandfile. PAUSE#Causespauseofspecifiedlength;#=seconds. STOP“Stopsexecutionuntilkeyboard. —characterisentered. KEYBOARDReturnscontroltokeyboard. DISK“Resumesrunningcurrentcommandfile. Commandfilesmaycontainembeddeddatainthe@DATA,@ENDform. SeethecommandsunderHELPDATA. M***************************************************************************** *‚GrafTalkisaproprietaryproductofReddingGroupInc,‚609MainStreet* *‚Ridgefield,CT‚06877.‚Youmusthaveregisteredyourserialnumberwith* *‚ReddingGrouptobeeligibleforupdatesandassistance.‚(c)1982,1983* ***************************************************************************** MostcommandsinGrafTalkacttosetupparameterstobeusedbyothercommands. Forexample,theBARHORIZONTAL,BARSTACKED,andSEQUENCESHADINGcommandsset upvaluesthatwillbeusedbytheBARcommandwhichactuallydrawsabarchart. Argumentsforcommandsmustbeseparatedfromeachotherby1ormorespaces. Commandsmaybeabbreviated.‚SeetheReferenceManualfortheminimum abbreviationforeachcommand. AlmostallGrafTalkcommandshave"default"values.‚Unlessyouhavespecified otherwiseatinstalltime,thesevaluesare: ˆFULL†=on…NOLEGEND=on‰AUTOSCALE=on ˆX&YNTH=1†SPACINGƒ=1.5%‡SOLID…=.15% ˆSYMBOLSEQUENCEƒ=*+XO@A...‡COLORSEQUENCE=123...20 ˆEMPHASISSEQUENCE=00... ˆLINESEQUENCE…=12345678 ˆSHADINGSEQUENCE‚=481212351069711121415048 MCOMMAND‘DESCRIPTION -------‘----------- JOYSTICKActivatesjoystickmode JOYSTICKPERMANENT†Activatesjoystickmode.‚Ineditmode,replaces ˜itselfwithMOVE.‚Innon-editmode,displays ˜cursorlocationatterminal. MOVExyMovescursortospecifiedposition(x,y). RMOVEdxdyMovescursorrelativetocurrentposition.‚dx= ˜changeinxposition,dy=changeinyposition. MARKxysymŒMakesmarkatspecifiedcursorposition(x,y). ˜symisoptional,=symbolformark. RMARKdxdysym‰Makesmarkatpointspecifiedrelativetocurrent ˜cursorposition.‚dx,dy=changeinx,yposition. ?CURSORv1v2‹Returnscurrentcursorposition.‚v1andv2are ˜optionalvariablesforstorage.‚Ifnotspecified, ˜valuesofpositionareprintedatterminal. KDatamaybetypedatthekeyboardorstoredondisk.‚Itmaybeplottedasrows orascolumns.‚Datafilesmaycontainupto36columnsofdataandanynumber ofrows.‚Ifyouhavemorethan36rowsyoumaynotplotthedataasrows. COMMAND”DESCRIPTION -------”----------- DATAFILEd:file#ŠReadsspecifieddatafilefromdrived.‚#is ›anoptionalmarker;GrafTalkreadsfrommarker ›(ifspecified)tonextmarker. @#™Actsasmarkerinfileofdata.‚#isanyinteger. @DATA–Nextentriestypedatkeyboardtobetakenasdata. @END—Endstypedentriestobetakenasdata. NAMECOLUMNSnmnm...…Namescolumnsofdatatable.‚Startswith1stcolumn. NAMEROWSnmnm...ˆNamesrowsofdatatable.‚Startswith1strow. CREATE#ROWSnmnm...„Creates#newrowsandnamesthem(optional). CREATE#COLUMNSnmnm...Creates#newcolumnsandnamesthem(optional). <>TypeNforNextpage‚ORƒtoreturntoGrafTalk<> KCOMMANDDESCRIPTION ------------------ INPUTIGNOREchchch‚Ignoreuptothreecharactersindatasets. (NO)INPUTMIXED‡Signalsdatadoes(not)containotherthanlegitimate —numbers. INPUTMASKLEFT#†Masks#positionsatleftofdataset. INPUTMASKRIGHT#…Masks#positionsatrightofdataset. NOINPUTMASKŠDisablesINPUTMASKfeature. INPUTBEGINSLINE#„Signalsdatatobeginatline#. INPUTENDSLINE#†Signalsdatatoendatline#. INPUTBEGINSFIELD#ƒDatatobeginatfield#.‚MASKRIGHTperformedfirst. INPUTENDSFIELD#…Datatoendatfield#.‚MASKLEFTperformedfirst. SUBSETBEGINSrˆAutomaticallyuseddatasubsetbeginsatroworcolumnr. SUBSETENDSrŠAutomaticallyuseddatasubsetbeginsatroworcolumnr. (NO)AUTOSCALEˆ(Disables)reenablesautomaticscaling. (NO)ADJUST‹(Disables)reenablesrangeadjustmentforaxes. <>TypeNforNextpage,‚PforPreviouspage,‚toreturntoGrafTalk<> KCOMMAND“DESCRIPTION -------“----------- VIEWrr’Displayscurrentdatasetandentersviewmode. šArguments(optional)specifyrow,columnatwhich šdisplayistobegin. name=valueŽSetsnameditemequaltovalue.‚Nameditemcanbea šrow,column,rowelement,columnelement,orvariable. šValuecanbeanyoftheaboveoranarithmeticexpres- šsion.‚Recognizedoperatorsare:‚+ƒ-ƒ*‚/‚(‚) VARIABLESnmnm...‡Createsvariableswithspecifiednames. ?VARIABLESnmnm...†Displaysvaluesofnamedvariables. OUTPUTDISKfilerrrr‚Storescurrentdatasetorportionofdatasetin šnameddiskfile.‚Arguments(optional)giverowsand šcolumnsatwhichtobeginandend. OUTPUTPRINTERrrrr„Sendscurrentdatasetorportionofittoprinter. šArguments(optional)giverowsandcolumnsatwhich štobeginandend. <>TypePforPreviouspage,‚toreturntoGrafTalk<> MCOMMANDDESCRIPTION ------------------ DRAWxyDrawslinetospecifiedposition(x,y). RDRAWdxdyDrawslinetopointgivenrelativetocurrent ˜cursorposition.‚dx,dy=changeinx,yposition. CIRCLErDrawsacircleofradius,r,centeredatcurrent ˜cursorlocation.‚rinterpretedincurrentscaling. ARCrang1ang2‰Drawsanarcofradius,r,centeredatcurrent ˜cursorlocation.‚rinterpretedincurrentscaling. ˜beginsatang1andendsatang2.‚Bothanglesgiven ˜indegreescounterclockwisefromthehorizontal. SeeHELPADVANCEDandtheReferenceManualPartXIIforafullerdiscussion ofthevariouscoordinatesystemsavailable. MCOMMAND..DESCRIPTION“COMMAND.....DESCRIPTION ^H..Movecursorleft“RDd:file...Readfile ^J..Movecursordown“WRd:file...Writetofile ^K..Movecursorup•ER..........Erasefile ^L..Movecursorright’DId........Directorydrived ^N..Enternormalmode’n...........Movenlines ^V..Enterinsertmode’nLI.........Movetolinen ^B..Enterblankmode“FS/t1/......Findstringt1 ^P..Forwardonepage“nSG/t1/t2/..Globalreplacet1 ^Q..Backwardonepage witht2ntimes ^D..Deletecharacter“nSR/t1/t2/..Rangereplace... ^X..Deleteline˜XR..........Deleterange ^O..Restoreline—GG..........Graphicsgoglobal ^F..RepeatlastcommandGR..........Graphicsgorange ^U..Nextcommand4timesOFd:file...Writerangetofile ^\..MarkcursorpositionIFd:file...Writefileatlocation ^T..Tradecurrent&markedpositionsƒSWn........Switchtoworkspacen ^G..Non-editmode–IN..........Initializedisks ^I..MovetonexttabcolumnŒEX..........ExitfromGrafTalk Enterthesecommandsbytyping‹Precedeeachofthesecommandsby letterwhileholdingdownCONTROL.‡anESCAPE.‚nisaninteger. MCOMMANDDESCRIPTION ------------------ STATUSŽGivesstatusforvariousGrafTalkparameters. INITIALIZEŠReassignsinitialvalues. DEVICEdevŠSelectsgraphicsdevice.‚dev=SCREEN,PRINTERorPLOTTER. DUMPword‹Dumpsgraphicstoprinter.word=UNIFORM,PAGEand/orLARGE ERASEErasesgraphicsfromscreen. CLEARSCREEN‰Clearsnon-graphicsfromscreen. EDITEnterseditmode. (NO)ECHOŠ(Disables)enablesechooffilematerialtoscreen. MESSAGEtxtvvvƒWrites"txt"&upto3variablesornumberstoscreen. SPECIAL##...…Sendsspecifiednumberstocurrentdevice. MCOMMAND™DESCRIPTION -------™----------- LEGENDAUTOleg1leg2...‡Automaticallyproduceslegendsfromleg1,  leg2,etc.‚WorksafterPLOT,BARorPIE.  Legendisproducedatbottomofgraph. NOLEGENDAUTO’Disablesautomaticlegendfeature. LEGENDSINGLElegProducesonelegendlinefromlegatthe  currentcursorposition.‚WorkswithPLOT,  BAR,PIEorCURVE. LEGENDJOYleg1leg2...ˆProduceslegendlinesfromleg1,leg2etc  afterautomaticallywaitingforcursortobe  positionedwithjoystickforeachline.  WorkswithBAR,PIEorCURVE. GrafTalkwillusethelastlegendtextspecifiedifaLEGENDcommandisissued withnoarguments. SeethecommandsunderHELPAXES,HELPNAMES,HELPTEXTandHELPAXES. MCOMMANDŒDESCRIPTION -------Œ----------- !!phraseŠPrintsphraseatscreen.‚Phrasemaynotextendtonextline. LOGICALLŠSetsflagtoTRUEifL=Y,toFALSEifL=N. COMPAREvvˆComparesvaluesgiven.SetsflagtoTRUEiftheyareequal, “toFALSEotherwise.‚Argumentsmaybevariablesornumbers. IFTRUEcommand„ExecutescommandifflagisTRUE. IFFALSEcommandƒExecutescommandifflagisFALSE. JUMP#Jumpstomarker#infileandexecutescommandsthere. RECOVER#ŠIncaseoferror,jumpstomarker#andexecutescommands “there. MENUvarmax#^ƒInspectsintegerinputandstoresvalueinnamedvariable. “Ifintegerinputislargerthanmax,jumpstomarker#and “executescommandsthere. ^’Whenembeddedinanothercommand,solicitsinputofargument “orargumentsfromkeyboard. ThesecommandsdescribethecreationofcustomizedGrafTalkmenus,nottheuse ofGrafTalkinmenumode.‚Theymustbeexecutedfromadiskfileonly. MCOMMANDŠDESCRIPTION =======Š=========== XNAME‹SpecifiesnameforxaxisforusebyPLOT,BARandBOX. YNAME‹SpecifiesnameforyaxisforusebyPLOT,BARandBOX. NOXNAMEˆDisablesxaxisnamingfeatureofabovecommands. NOYNAMEˆDisablesyaxisnamingfeatureofabovecommands. TITLEphrase…AssignsphraseastitletobeusedbyPLOT,BAR,PIEandBOX. NOTITLE‰Disablestitlefeatureforabovecommands. Textmaybeenteredtwoways; 1‚Enclosetextincludingcarriagereturnsandspacesinbackslashes(\) 2‚Representspacesbyunderlines(_),‚andcarriagereturnsbybars(|) UsetheHELPCHARACTERScommandforinformationaboutthesizeandcolor ofcharacters.‚SeealsoHELPTEXT. Use‚HELPLABELS‚and‚HELPLEGENDS‚forinformationaboutfurthergraph annotation. MCOMMAND”DESCRIPTION -------”----------- PIEr–Drawspiefromspecifiedcolumnorrow. NOPIELABELSŽDisablespielabels. PIELABELSlblb...‡Enablespiesectionlabelingwithspecifiedlabels. PIEDAYSdaynLabelssectionswitheverynthday.‚Beginsatday. ›Use3-letterabbreviationsforday,egMON,TUE,etc. PIEMONTHSmonn‹Labelssectionswitheverynthmon.‚Beginsatmon. ›Use3-letterabbreviationsformonegJAN,FEB,etc. PIEYEARSyrnLabelspiesectionswitheverynthyr.‚Beginsatyr. NOPIEPERCENTDisablespercentprintingfeature. PIEPERCENTEnablespercentprintingfeature. PIESIZE#‘Specifiesdiameterofpieas#%oflongersurface ›dimension. NOPIESIZEEnablesautomaticselectionofpiesizebyGrafTalk. SEQUENCEEMPHASIS##...‚Setsemphasissequenceforpiesections.‚#=1sets ›emphasison,#=2setsemphasisoffforgivensection. (NO)EMPHASISŽSets(disables)emphasisforallpiechartsections. ƒUnlessyouspecifyotherwise,pieswillbedrawnwithpercentsandautomatic ƒsizeselection.‚Colorandshadingwillbevaluesspecifiedwithother ƒcommands.‚SeeHELPCOLOR,HELPSHADINGandHELPTITLE. MCOMMAND“DESCRIPTION -------“----------- PLOTrr...vsr‰Drawscompletemulti-curveplotfromcolumnsorrows šspecified.‚Firstrowsorcolumnsareforyaxis. š"vsr"isoptionalcolumnorrowforxaxis.‚Ifnot šspecified,C0orR0isused.usesnames,labelsand štitlesashavebeengivenwithothercommands CURVErvsrŽDrawsonecurveonexistingaxesfromspecifiedrowor šcolumnofdata.‚"vsr"optionalaswithPLOTabove. BOXrr...vsrŠPerformsasPLOTabove,butdoesnotmakecurves. SEQUENCELINE##...…Specifiesline-typesequenceforusebyPLOTandCURVE LINE#”Setslinetypeto#.‚Disbableslinetypesequence. SEQUENCESYMBOLsysy...SpecifiessymbolsequenceforusebyPLOTandCURVE. SYMBOLsy‘Setssymboltoonespecified.Disablessymbolsequence ‚Unlessyouspecifyotherwise,PLOTandCURVEwilluselinesandwillsequence ‚colorandlinetype.‚SeecommandsunderHELPAXES,‚HELPCOLOR,‚HELPLABELS, ‚andHELPLEGENDS. MCOMMAND“DESCRIPTION -------“----------- SEQUENCESHADING##...‚Specifiessequenceofshadingtypestobeusedby:  BARforshadingsetsofbars  PIEforshadingpiesections. šCorrespondencebetweennumberandshadingtypeis šgivenbelow. SHADING#‘Setsshadingtypeto#.‚Disablesshadingsequence. NOSHADINGDisablesallshading. SOLID#“Setsshadingtosolid.‚sablesshadingsequence. š#(optional)=%oflongersurfacesideforspacing. SPACING#‘Setsspacingforshadingstripes.‚#=%asabove. ƒUnlessyouspecifyotherwise,shadingwillbesequencedinthisorder: ƒ481212351069711121415048‚inwhich ƒ0=noshadingŒ1=horizontalstripesƒ2=verticalstripes ƒ4=45-degreebarsˆ8=135-degreestripesƒ16=solid ƒothers=combinations…e.g.9=8+1 MCOMMAND‘DESCRIPTION -------‘----------- TEXTphraseWritesphrasebeginningatcurrentcursorlocation. CTEXTphraseŒWritesphrasecenteredatcurrentcursorlocation. NUMBERnum#ŒWritesnumber,num,withspecifiednumber(#) ˜ofsignificantdigits. ANGLE#‘Setsangle,#,measuredindegreesfromthe ˜horizontalforwritingphrase. Textmaybeenteredtwoways. 1‚Enclosephraseincludingcarriagereturnsandspacesinbackslashes(\) 2‚Representspacesbyunderlines(_)andcarriagereturnsbybars(|) UsetheHELPCHARACTERScommandforinformationaboutthesizeandcolor ofcharacters.ƒAlsoseeHELPNAMES,HELPLEGEND,HELPTITLES.