1$0$3.141592654$13$2$.5$2$.5$1000$2$2$1.4$4$2$2.5$.1$3.5$.25$4$2$2$.75$4$1.5$1.4$83$100$10$4$4$1.5$2$.5$100$4$1000000$4$2$1000$6.283185307$.5$12.56637061$2$2$2$2$2$2$3.14159$100$100$.09$.14$.22$.312$12$.081$13$.072$14$.064$15$.057$16$.051$17$.045$18$.040$19$.036$20$.32$21$.0285$22$.0253$23$.0226$24$.0201$25$.0179$26$.0159$27$.0142$28$.0126$29$.0113$30$.01$31$.0089$32$.008$33$.0071$34$.0063$35$.0056$36$.005$37$.0045$38$.004$39$.0035$40$.0031$12$40$40$4$4$4$18$2$40$4$4$4$18$2$10$10$100$100$492$.05$2$492$30$.95$150$.97$149.9$.98$118$148$.1264$2$.1593$3$.2009$4$.2533$5$.3195$6$.4028$7$.5080$8$.6405$9$.8077$10$1.018$11$1.284$12$1.619$13$2.042$14$2.575$15$3.247$16$4.094$17$5.163$18$6.51$19$8.21$20$10.35$21$13.05$22$16.46$23$20.76$24$26.17$25$33$26$41.62$27$52.48$28$66.17$29$83.44$30$105.2$31$132.7$32$167.3$33$211$34$266$35$335$36$423$37$533$38$672.6$39$848.1$40$1069$3$1.6$4$4.4$1.8$1.4$5.68$12.8$5.1$4$.94$11$6.7$3.4$1000$1000$.1264$.1593$2$.2009$3$.2533$4$.3195$5$.4028$6$.5080$7$.6405$8$.8077$9$1.018$10$1.284$11$1.619$12$2.042$13$2.575$14$3.247$15$4.094$16$5.163$17$6.51$18$8.21$19$10.35$20$13.05$21$16.46$22$20.76$23$26.17$24$33$25$41.62$26$52.48$27$66.17$28$83.44$29$105.2$30$132.7$31$167.3$32$211$33$266$34$335$35$423$36$533$37$672.6$38$848.1$39$1069$40$1000$1000$3$5.5$5$24$8.7$3$8$11.7$9$18$*8) *** ELECTRICAL ENGENEERING & DESIGN ***$4 J. Schrabal, April 1979$44File cleaned up of typos and put somewhat of a structure$4in it: 8/25/82 by S. Kluger$44.To select one of the programs just type it's number$4and hit 'RETURN' key. Enter all alphabetic answers in UPPER CASE!$44Select from the following routines (0 to quit) :$4 1. Ohm's law (DC)$4 2. Zener stabilized DC supply$4 3. DC power supply design$4 4. Low pass 2-pole Butterworth filter$4 5. Series resonant frequency circuit$4 6. Passive band-pass filter$4 7. Small coil design & inductance calculations$4 8. Long wire antenna$4 9. Dipole or half wave antenna$4 10. Time constant calculation$4 11. Resistance of wire$4 12. Crystal (rec./tr.) frequency calculations$44What routine do you wish to select$4;"'.. 76.768Please answer with number fom 0 to 12$46A[ \9666 L66o666'q6),6+6-_65f4 *** OHM's LAW (DC) ***$44 ENTER values for 2 (two) known$4 ENTER 0 (zero) for unknown values to be calculated$44Potential in volts $4;"'Current flow in amperes $4;"'.. 76vResistance in ohms$4;"'.. . 76.. . 76Power in watts $4;"'.. . 7B6.. . 7\6.. . 7v6ɀ666݀.6݀6݀.4Potential = $# volts$4Current flow = $# amperes$4Resistance = $# ohms$4Power = $# watts$44MORE CALCULATIONS? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7666A4 *** ZENER STABILIZED CIRCUIT DESIGN ***$44Voltage rating of zener diode$4;"'Wattage rating of zener diode$4;"'Maximum DC voltage of power supply$4; "' ..For an open circuit, or for load up to $.# miliamperes$4Use $#ohms $# watt resistor$44Will the load (device) you use have larger than $#watts consumption?$4(YES/NO)$4; 1' NO7%6 What is the maximum wattage of the device you use:$4; "' . .  Use $ #ohms $ # watts resistor$4WARNING: Zener diode will probably burn out if the load$4 should be removed and circuit left open.$44More calculations? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7 I66 L6A *** POWER SUPPLY DESIGN ***$44What is LINE AC voltage supplied by utility$4;"'What is transformer's primary rating (or tap)$4; "'What is RMS voltage of secondary winding$4; "'   . . What is the needed (desired) DC voltage$4;"' . 7 t6 7 6What is the voltage rating of REGULATORS$4 used with the power supply$4;"'..7 6j..7 6Presuming that you use full wave, will the rectifying bridge$4consist of four (4) or two (2) diodes (as in centertap sec)$4;"'.. 7 6 4Answer whether 2 or 4 diodes will be used$446 .7 ..7 . .What is the load to be used in amperes? (if unknown type 0)$4;"'.7 Z6?...4Line = $# volts AC (max).Transformer primary (tap) = $ # volts AC$4Secondary = $ # volts RMS. Peak sec.voltage = $#4For desired $# volts DC use rectifying bridge of $#4diodes rated at $# volts (minimum) and $.#amps (min.)$4Filter capacitor should be rated $# microfarads (minimum)$4and $#volts DC (min).Permissible ripple = $# volts$44NOTE:Use ohm-law to calculate bleeder-resistor.$4More calculation for another secondary (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7u6 More calculation for another transformer (or tap)$4;1'YES76 66AYour secondary winding has overly high rating for this$4power requirement$446 Your secondary winding has low voltage rating for this$4power requirement$446 Power supply DC voltage must be more than 2.5 volts higher$4 than voltage of REGULATOR.$446 4Your supply voltage is overly high and will cause the regulator$4to overheat. Reduce your voltage to $.# volts$4One way to do this is to insert series of diodes with rating$4which will be printed below, each such diode reducing the$4supply DC voltage by .7 volts (two diodes reduce 1.4 v)$4Then add this voltage to regulators when answering Q.$446 4How many TAB-type regulators will be used$4;"' K-type regulators$4;"'Any other load (in ampers)$4;"'.6 Z *** LOW PASS FILTER ***$4This program is based on OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS DESIGNS$4& APPLICATIONS by Graeme & Tobey, McGraw, 1971.$44Cut off frequency (in Hertz)$4;"'Desired pass-band gain (H)$4;"'Peaking factor: 0(zero) for standard 2-pole Butterworth$4(alpha) value for non-standard filter$4;"'.7... .!7=6dValue of C2 in mF (microFarads)$4Note: 0.02 mF = 0.000 000 02 F $4; "'." .#4 .---------. C1 = $.$. .%#4 X : C2 = $ #4 X R2 = C2 R1 = $#4 X : R2 = $#4 R1 : R3 : - o R3 = $.#4--XXXXXX--:--XXXXXX-:---o o$4 : o o$4 E-in : o o---------------$4 = C1 + o o$4 : ---o o$4 : : o E-out$4 : :$4----------:----------:--------------------------$4Another gain/alpha ratio? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7!6Another filter configuration (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7a6_6d6ABecause operational amplifiers are non-ideal, pass-$4band gain should be chosen to be less than 10 when peaking$4factor Alpha = 0-1$4Gain of 100 with peaking factor=1 is acceptable for $4for peaking gain 80 dB in 2-pole Batterworth config-$4uration.$4464 *** SERIES RESONANT FREQUENCY CIRCUITS ***$44Inductance in MH (Milli-Henrys)$4;"'Capacitance in NF (Nano-Farads)$4; "'4Series L/C resonant frequency is $.&.' .(# KHz (Kilo Hertz)$4Note: this frequency is not affected by resistance in the circuit$44More calculations? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES766A4 *** PASSIVE BANDPASS FILTER DESIGN ***$44 This program is based on ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING &$4CIRCUITS DESIGN by Skilling, Willey, 1961.$4 It will calculate ideal component values for the$4T-section and PI-Section filters, given F1, F2,and R$44What is F1, low cut-off frequency (in Hertz)$4;"'What is F2, high cut-off frequency (in Hertz)$4;"'7C6dWhat is R, image impedance in mid-frequency (in ohms)$4;"'.76.76.76 .)If you want T-section type 'T'$4;1'T7642Ca=$ .*#5 Cb=$.#5 R=$#4La/2=$.+#5 Lb=$ #44 2Ca La/2 La/2 2Ca$4o----!!----mmmmmmm---:-----:---mmmmmmm---!!-.....$4 : : :$4 : m X$4 Cb = m Lb R X$4 : m X$4 : : :$4o--------------------:-----:----------------....:$44If you want PI-section type 'P'$4;1'P7&64La=$#5 2Lb=$., #5 R=$#4Ca=$ #5 Cb/2=$..-#44 La Ca$4o-------:----:-mmmmmmm----!!-----:----:..........:$4 : : : : :$4 m : : m X$4 2Lb m = Cb/2 Cb/2 = m 2Lb R X$4 m : : m X$4 : : : : :$4o-------:----:-------------------:----:..........:$44Another passive filter calculation (YES/NO)$4; 1' YES7a66d6AHigh cut-off frequency must be higher than low-$4cut-off frequency$46This value must be larger than 0 (zero)$46Answer 'P' or 'T' only$46 *** SMALL COIL DESIGN ***$44Program limitations:$4 Inductance = 100 microhenries MAXIMUM$4 Wire size = 12 size MAXIMUM$4 40 gage MINIMUM$4 (resistors used as form must be of composite type)$44PROGRAMS:$4 1. INDUCTANCE$4 2. INDUCTIVE REACTANCE$44 WHICH ONE OF THE TWO PROGRAMS ABOVE YOU WANT COMPUTED$4;"'.7!6"q..7!6 .7!6 WHAT IS THE DESIRED INDUCTIVE REACTANCE IN OHMS$4;"'AT WHAT FREQUENCY IN MHZ$4;"'./.0INDUCTANCE = $# MICROHENRIES$4.17"<6"Program limitation is 100 microhenries MAXIMUM$46 What is the desired coil inductance in microhenries$4;"'.27"6"<Coil forms:$4 A = 1/4 WATT RESISTOR$4 B = 1/2 WATT RESISTOR$4 C = 1 WATT RESISTOR$4 D = 2 WATT RESISTOR$4 E = OTHER FORM$4 SELECT COIL FORM FROM ABOVE (A,B,C,D,E)$4;1'A7# .3B7# .4C7# .5D7# .6E7#6#6#6#What is the diameter of the coil in inches$4; "'What gage enameled wire will be used:$4 (gage 12 to 40)$4;"'.77$_.8.97$n.:.;7$}.<.=7$.>.?7$.@.A7$.B.C7$.D.E7$Ȁ.F.G7$׀.H.I7$.J.K7$.L.M7%.N.O7%.P.Q7%".R.S7%1.T.U7%@.V.W7%O.X.Y7%^.Z.[7%m.\.]7%|.^._7%.`.a7%.b.c7%.d.e7%.f.g7%ǀ.h.i7%ր.j.k7%.l.m7%.n.o7&.p.q.r 7&6#.s.t.u.v   .wI.x  .y.z.{.|   .}I.~  7&6&.B.4Wire size = $# gage$4Coil diameter = $ # inches$4Number of turns = $#4Coil length = $.B.# inches$4More calculations? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7'n6 6'q6A4 *** LONG WIRE ANTENNA ***$44 When an antenna is more than half wavelength long$4it is called 'long wire' or 'harmonic' antenna.$44What frequency in MHz (Mega Hertz)$4;"'How many half-waves long$4;"'..Length = $# Feet$4Note: If this antenna is fed in exact center at $.# ft.$4no unbalance will occur on any harmonic frequency.$44More calculations? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7))6(6A4 *** DIPOLE OR HALF WAVE ANTENNA ***$44Frequency in MHz (Mega Hertz)$4;"'.4Actual half-wave lenght is $# feet$4.7)Ȁ..7)ڀ..7).Lenght corrected to free space factor and to capacitance$4of insulators is $# feet$44 ..<----------$# ft-------->$4 <-$ #ft->$4o----------o-------o----------o$4 o o ^$4 o o E = $# ft$4 o=o <- 600 ohms line 3.75 in spaced #16 wire$4 o o 5 in spaced #14 wire$4 o o 6 in spaced #12 wire$44More calculations (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7+6)[6A4 *** TIME CONSTANT CALCULATIONS ***$44NOTE: If you wish to substitute Farads by MICROfarads then you$4 must use resistance in MEGohms in order to get result$4 in seconds.$4What is the resistance in ohms$4;"'What is the capacitance in farads$4; "'Time constant = $ #seconds$4More calculations? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7-\6,6-_6A4 *** RESISTANCE OF WIRE ***$44What is the desired resistance in ohms$4;"'What A.W.G.(B&S) size wire NO. is available?$4 (if unknown, enter '0')$4; "' .7.+62) .7.:!. .7.I!. .7.X!. .7.g!. .7.v!. .7.!. .7.!. .7.!. .7.!. .7.!. .7.Ѐ!. .7.߀!. .7.!. .7.!. .7/ !. .7/!. .7/*!. .7/9!. .7/H!. .7/W!. .7/f!. .7/u!. .7/!. .7/!. .7/!. .7/!. .7/!. .7/π!. .7/ހ!. .7/!. .7/!. .70 !. .70!. .70)!. .708!. .70G!. .70V!. .70e!. .70t!. .70!.Of what MATERIAL is the wire$4;"1'#".S$!#COP70ˀ!!.#ALU70߀!!.#BRA70!!.#CAD71!!.#CHR71!!.#GOL71/!!.#IRO71C!!.#LEA71W!!.#NIC71k!!.#BRO71!!.#SIL71!!.#STE71!!.#TIN71!!.#ZIN71π!!.!$#COP 7160.!For $#ohms use $# feet of No.$ #"$ wire$465-What is distance in feet$4; "'%. %.72f.%.72u.%.72.%.72.%.72.%.72.%.72.%.72π.%.72ހ.%.72.%.72.%.73 .%.73.%.73).%. 738. %. 73G. %. 73V.%.73e.%.73t.%.73.%.73.%.73.%.73.%.73.%.73΀.%.73݀. %.!73."%.#73.$%.%74 .&%.'74.(%.)74(.*%.+747.,%.-74F..%./74U.0%.174d.2%.374s.4%.574.6%.774.8%.974.:%.;74.<The smallest copper wire for $# ohms at distance of $ # feet$4 that can be safely used is No.$# A.W.G.(B&S)$4More calculations? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES75c6-65f6A4 ***RECEIVING & TRANSMITTING CRYSTAL CALCULATIONS*** $44What is the receiving frequency? (in MHz)$4;"'What is the transmitting frequency? (in MHz)$4;"'67What is 1st IF freq.(in MHz) of rec.$4;"'What is RECEIVING crystal divider$4;&"'What is TRANSMITTING crystal multiplier$4;'"'4For receiving on $# MHz (with $# MHz IF) & $&# divider$4 ORDER $&.=#KHz receiving crystal$4For transmitting on $# MHz (tranmit multiplier=$'#)$4ORDER $'.># KHz transmitting crystal$44More crystal freq. calculations? (YES/NO)$4;1'YES7765676AWhat make and model transceiver?$4 STANDARD 146A - MOTOROLA 80D - VOICECOMMANDER$4;(1'((.?S(STA78768z(MOT78W.@&.A'.B66(VOI78w.C&.D'.E6666.F&.G'.H66MANDER$4;(1'((.?S(STA78768z(MOT78W.@&.A'.B66(VOI